Slot games rules and regulations
New casino sites to play real money
The bet must be selected first. If it has multiple paylines you need to play them all, so just select max bet after you put in your money. Then you get to click on spin, or if you are in a land casino you can in some cases still pull the bar. A lot of the slot machines have a fake bar to offer the old fashioned look. The pay tables are going to vary per the slot and the casino. Each casino has a different idea of how much they want to make. You also need to understand the combinations you are looking for to know when you will win the jackpot or the progressive jackpot. Slots are the most popular game in the casino because it takes very little to play the machine not only cash wise, but also in common sense. The rules for the slots are going to be very simple. You just have to choose what type of machine you want to play on. You have a choice between three and five reels. You also have a choice in the number of pay lines. For most of us we choose the slot machine based on the monetary value. In other words how much does it take for a one coin bet? On a slot machine you always want to bet the max. This means you need to know how many coins per round you can play. A lot of them are five coin limits, so starting with a penny machine and playing five cents per round offers some of the better payouts. There are nickel, dime, quarter, and even dollar slot machines.
Slot games rules and regulations
Slots are the most popular game in the casino because it takes very little to play the machine not only cash wise, but also in common sense. The rules for the slots are going to be very simple. You just have to choose what type of machine you want to play on. You have a choice between three and five reels. You also have a choice in the number of pay lines. For most of us we choose the slot machine based on the monetary value. In other words how much does it take for a one coin bet? On a slot machine you always want to bet the max. This means you need to know how many coins per round you can play. A lot of them are five coin limits, so starting with a penny machine and playing five cents per round offers some of the better payouts. There are nickel, dime, quarter, and even dollar slot machines.
The bet must be selected first. If it has multiple paylines you need to play them all, so just select max bet after you put in your money. Then you get to click on spin, or if you are in a land casino you can in some cases still pull the bar. A lot of the slot machines have a fake bar to offer the old fashioned look. The pay tables are going to vary per the slot and the casino. Each casino has a different idea of how much they want to make. You also need to understand the combinations you are looking for to know when you will win the jackpot or the progressive jackpot.
Online slots are pretty similar to those found in the land casinos. They tend to pay out better and more often with the jackpots. They are based on the random computer program as well. Once the jackpot is won the computer will reset the jackpot for the next player to try and win. The jackpots will start out at different denominations as well for the progressive machines and increase. The other machines will have a specific denomination as well, but that remains unmoving. Most of the online slots offer a 97 percent win rate making them more attractive. The computer will figure out the winnings you earn, so you just keep betting and spinning.
Slot machine regulations
The slot regulations are especially important because there are all the mechanical or electronic pieces working in the background are hiding payout percentages from the player and the amount they payout is configurable to fit the slot regulations as well as the casino’s bottom line.
The slots regulations for a brick and mortar casino are in place to protect the player as well assure the government that they get their fair share fo the tax revenue. Online casinos are not nearly as regulated, however, most online casinos voluntarily regulate them similarly to brick and mortar casinos and some go a step farther.
Brick and mortar casino slots regulations
While individual areas of the world differ in their casino slots regulations, what is actually regulated is fairly consistent.
For example, most locales with casino gaming will regulate the payout percentages that the slot machine must pay out. These slot regulations can include a simple average payout over time percentage or be more specific.
For slot machines with progressive bonuses, there may be regulations in place for both the average payout for regular play as well as regulations revolving around the progressive slot portion as well.
Some regulations for slot machines in some areas regulate the frequency of “hits” on the machine as well, especially for five reel video slot machines with bonus features. What these regulations serve to do is ensure that players get a fair chance to win, all while assuring the casino makes money.
The other purpose of slots regulations is to allow the entities which tax a brick and mortar casino to assess a tax basis based on the amount coming into the machine, rather than figure out how much profit was made on the machine.
By having a set amount or a range which the slot machine must pay out, the taxing bodies can easily assess the tax based on the income for the machine because they know what it should be paying out, on average.
The regulations themselves for online casinos are much less strict, however, in the interest of fairness' most online casinos make a point to let customers know that they are fair with their gaming. There are a couple companies that certify online casinos to let customers and potential customers know that the gaming is fair.
Some casinos boast that they follow vegas rules and regulations for all their games and others actually take it a step further by publishing the average payout percentages for their slot machines on the site.
The other advantage for online slots players is that they can often play for fun, giving the machine a few hundred spins to gauge payouts and hits on their own before switching to real money play.
Ome of the countries which online casinos operate out of do regulate and tax the online casinos while others do not' however, most online casinos will be fair with their slot machines simply to stay competitive.
Slots rules
While slot machines may not seem as complicated as other games such as texas hold вђ˜em and blackjack, you do have to understand a few rules in order to play. Whether you are sitting at home or pulling the levers of slot machines at a casino in las vegas, you donвђ™t want to begin your slots experience by blindly pushing buttons. Before you get started, make sure you read through this handy guide to the rules of playing slots.
What is a slot machine?
Before you decipher the rules of play, youвђ™ll need to understand precisely what a slot machine is and how it works. Slots are immensely popular because you donвђ™t need extensive gambling knowledge in order to play (unlike blackjack and texas hold вђ˜em). Both traditional slot machines and their computerized counterparts require players to pull a lever (or push a button) that rotates a series of reels with symbols printed on them. Today, slot machines are controlled by a random number generator that determines when the reels will stop spinning, and whether you win or lose.
Terms to know
There are a few terms youвђ™ll need to know before you pull the lever (or push the button):
Paylines – lines across a set of reels in a slot machine that determine whether a spin wins or loses. A combination of certain symbols must land on a payline to result in a payout. Most live and online slots have multiple paylines , and they can run vertically, horizontally or diagonally. Some video slots even have paylines that take on the shape of vs or zigzags.
Payout – the amount of money or credits that you win from a successful spin. It is also possible to win payouts while playing bonus games. The amount of a payout may depend not only on whether the symbols land on a payline , but also which order they line up in and the amount the player bets.
Reels – the rotating wheels that spin when a player pulls the ever or presses the вђњspinвђќ button. Each reel is covered in symbols, and it is the order in which these symbols line up that determines whether or not the player wins a payout. Most slot machines have three or more reels. When the reels stop spinning is determined by the random number generator.
Symbols – images that appear on slot machine reels. The symbol designs may vary between machines, but where they land determines a player’s payout (or lack thereof). Common images include a piece of fruit or a colored bar.
Wilds – A specific type of symbol that can act as any other symbol on the reel, similar to the role that jokers often play in card games.
Rules of play
Getting started
If you are a first-time gamer, youвђ™re in luck! The rules of playing slots are relatively simple. First, you will need to choose the type of slot machine you wish to play. There are several things to consider as you make your choice: how much does a one-coin bet cost? How many coins can you play per round? How many reels are there? How many paylines ? Use the answers to these questions to guide your decision.
Betting
After selecting the game that you wish to play, itвђ™s time to place a bet. When playing slots, itвђ™s generally best to select the maximum bet because that is usually the only way you are eligible to win the jackpot. To place your bet, slide your money into the slot (or make a payment online). The equivalent number of credits will then be displayed on the screen. Now that you have your credits, you will need to decide how many paylines you wish to activate. When playing video slots, you have a number of options (everything from straight across to vs and zigzags).
Winning in slots
When playing video slots or online, you will also find that bonus events are occasionally triggered. This may either allow you to take additional spins or play a game that could help you win more money. These bonus events vary between slots, so just follow the simple directions on the screen. As you win money, credits will be added to the meter on your screen. You can either use them to continue playing slots or cash out when you are done for the day.
Keep in mind that no matter what variation of slots you choose to play, the basic rules of the game will stay the same. When you begin to play a new type of slot machine, make sure you understand the paylines , options and features before you place your bet!
Slot games rules and regulations
Topics: admission - membership - gaming - gaming currency - food & drinks - dress code - tipping - gambling reforms - complaints
Note: the law requesting new casino members to wait 24 hours before being permitted to game was abolished on 1st october 2005. You can now enter a casino in the united kingdom and play straight away.
Admission, minimum age limit, identification
In most casinos in the united kingdom you are now admitted instantly and you can play casino games straight away. However, some private casino clubs may still require that you apply for membership first, as before.
With the new UK gambling laws, starting 15 december 2007 the membership application requirement on casinos has been lifted. You are simply required to register your name, your date of birth and a digital photo of yourself is also taken on the spot.
The ID/passport is no longer necessary, but it is recommended as there may be instances where they may need to ask for identification, such as if you look younger than 18 years of age, which is the UK legal minimum gambling age. Also, if you win a large sum of money (say Ј1,000), they may ask you for identification at the cash desk before paying you.
The membership system - the way it was before
(some high-end private casino clubs in the UK may still apply this system.)
In the united kingdom the casinos are clubs. To play at a UK casino you needed to become a member first and you are required to fill in a membership application form.
They will want to see your passport or photo driving licence or bankers card supported by a household bill issued within the last three months. Although acceptance is normally automatic, they may at their discretion decline your application.
Once you become a member, you are normally given a membership card straight away or sent to you by post, and you do not require to produce your ID/passport on your subsequent visits.
You may join instantly upon your first visit or complete a membership application form, by post, by fax or online.
Your membership should be approved within 24 hours of receiving your application and you can then visit the casino and enter the gaming area and play. Membership approval is normally at the discretion of a membertheship committee.
Gaming, games, opening times
British casinos are usually open from 2pm to 6am every day of the year except christmas day. Some in busy areas are open for longer time, and some for shorter time and not every day.
United kingdom casino gaming is regulated by the gaming board for great britain, under laws which ensure fair odds and properly supervised playing conditions.
All casinos provide a variety of games and facilities such as food and drinks and toilets. The games may include roulette, blackjack, craps/dice, punto banco (baccarat) and caribbean/casino stud poker (also with progressive jackpot). Most of them also have slots/video machines also called fruit machines. Touch-bet roulette machines and three-card poker are now widely available and are gaining in popularity among players.
Most casinos in the UK, if not all, have single zero wheel roulette and operate the 'la partage' rule. This rule basically means that the player loses only half his/her bet on the outside 'even money' bets if the outcome is zero.
Casino games, such as roulette, blackjack, baccarat etc, are banker's games and, as such, are games of 'unequal chance'. The nature and structure of these games therefore gives an advantage to the house (the casino). This is called the 'house edge', which is a universally accepted feature of international casino gaming. On average, the house edge applied in UK casinos is one of the lowest compared to many other countries.
In the UK most casinos play american style roulette but using a single zero. Very few high end casinos also play french style roulette, where the chips are handled with a stick by the dealer/stickman.
Stakes vary from casino to casino, so it is best to check their minimum bets before applying for membership. For example: roulette minimums can vary from 50p (usually in casinos outside london) to Ј5 or even Ј25 for a single number bet.
Unlike the USA, in the UK a Ј1 table minimum at roulette means you can bet just Ј1 per spin on numbers. In las vegas you need to place a minimum of 5 bets of $1 chips on numbers per spin if you play on a $1 table minimum. However, the outside bets minimum in the UK is usually five times the table minimum.
Blackjack table minimum can vary from Ј3 to Ј25. Some clubs have private rooms where high rollers (high stake gamblers) can play for very high stakes in a quiet and peaceful atmosphere.
Some casinos have card rooms where you can play poker, kalooki and mah jong and they also hold tournaments with big money prizes for the winners. The grosvenor victoria casino in london is very well known locally and internationally for holding such tournaments.
Gaming currency, cashing, cash facilities
The gaming currency in most, if not all, UK casinos is in GB pounds.
British casinos normally accept all major currencies. You change at the cash desk and the rates are usually good. You can then 'buy-back' the currency at the same exchange rate if you ask the casino to keep it for you.
There are other forms of cashing that are usually available in british casinos, with limits to the maximum amount cashed (usually Ј1000), per day, without prior arrangement:
- Debit/credit cards (can be used up to a certain amount per account, per gaming day)
- Guaranteed cheques (you can cash, up to a certain amount, one personal cheque per account you hold if supported by a cheque guarantee card)
- ATM machines (various cards are accepted)
- Travellers cheques (usually at a competitive rate and with no commission)
- Bank drafts and building society cheques (subject to verification)
If you prefer, you may leave funds on deposit for your safety and security. You will be given a receipt, which can then be exchanged at the casino where you play.
Also, you can arrange for funds to be transferred directly into the casino's bank account prior to your visit. This is for your convenience and provides instant access to funds when you visit the casino.
London has the highest number of casinos and most of them are near the west end (central london). Most casinos have a bar, a snack bar, a TV lounge and excellent restaurants with international cuisine.
The colony club casino in mayfair london features the world famous restaurant where you can sample the finest food prepared by twenty chefs serving six different cuisines from china, europe, thailand, india, lebanon and japan.
It is advisable to book a table at the restaurant by phone before going to a casino, particularly on saturday night.
You can drink alcoholic beverages at the bar or restaurant and now also at the gaming tables or anywhere in the gaming hall. Alcoholic drinks were restricted to the bar and restaurant only, but as of 1st august, 2002, drinks are allowed in the gaming area too.
Most UK casinos, if not all, serve complimentary soft drinks and exquisite sandwiches (also toasted) whilst gaming. Some casinos will also serve you snack dishes whilst gaming.
Dress code varies. For most casinos it is usually smart casual. High-end casinos may require that you wear a jacket and possibly a tie. At the time of your application for membership you will be advised as to what is required in dress code and also the number of guests you are allowed to bring in with you.
Below are items commonly allowed and not allowed for both, men and women:
For men
- allowed: polo shirts, polos shirts with short sleeves, jeans if neat and in one piece, sneakers, leather and suede jackets.
- not allowed: hat/cap, sunglasses, T-shirts, shorts, jogging pants, sandals. Windbreakers/long raincoats/long overcoats are to be left at the cloakroom.
For women
- allowed: blouses, T-shirts halter tops, summer dresses, fancy shorts/skirts, sandals, leather and suede jackets.
- not allowed: hat/cap, veils/bourka’s, sunglasses, jogging pants, jeans if cut, bathing suits in combinations with skirt or trousers. Windbreakers/long raincoats/long overcoats are to be left at the cloakroom.
Until recently in all UK casinos gaming staff were not allowed to accept tips. From august 2008 tipping of all employees is permitted in grosvenor casinos. [aug 2008 'tipping' update]
UK gambling deregulation and reforms
Reforms have been introduced in 2002 that permit consumption of alcohol on casino gaming floors, show live entertainment, and introduce selected additional new games. It is believed that the deregulation and reforms have the potential to make the UK one of the most exciting gaming markets in the world.
The new reforms also allow casinos to offer other products such as sports betting, keno, bingo and a much improved quantity and quality of high-prize slot machines with larger sums of possible jackpot wins.
Complaints - gaming disputes procedure
The process for settlement of any gaming related dispute, the objective as detailed in the 2005 gambling act that gaming be conducted fairly and openly.
Should you have any complaint or dispute about any gaming related decision, the process for settlement is as follows:
- The matter should be raised with the dealer and/or table inspector at the time.
- If you are not satisfied with their decision, it should be raised with the 'pit boss' or 'floor manager', again, at the time.
- If not satisfied with their decision, you should put your concerns to the general or senior duty manager of the casino at the time, or in writing to the general manager at the casino address.
- If still not satisfied with the decision, you should put your complaint in writing to the casino's head office.
- Should all internal avenues have been exhausted and you are still not satisfied with the decision regarding your gaming complaint or dispute, you may refer the matter in writing to the independent panel for casino arbitration (IPCA) at the following address: IPCA, PO box 5698, london, W1A 7AW.
[dec 2007 last major update]
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Singapore online slot games
Online slot game is your best bet to win money if you are new
Visiting a casino venue will tell you how popular slot games are. You will find rows of flashy slot machines with bells and whistles lined up and all occupied. If you are new to the scene online slot game will be the most appropriate for one reason that you don’t need special skills to play them. The game takes care of itself and all you need to do is to press the lever. You also don’t need to flex your brain to achieve greater results because your fate is decided by the machine and its spinning reels.
Reasons why you should choose online slot singapore
- Slots games need fewer skills: online slot singapore offers a mind boggling variety of slot games and they are easy to play. You need no special skills to play them. Salient feature of slots games is that you get bonuses galore and the flashing lights and sounds simply make the experience highly thrilling. If you are just there for fun and not for money it is free slots for you. If you are serious about earning then you must make a deposit with the casino and play positive. Bonuses have their eligibility criteria and you must fulfill them to qualify. You need to be careful about rules and regulations applied to slot games and slot game singapore is strict about it.
- Right choice to test your luck: slot games are very much “luck” games. If you know how to read the symbols on the reel and how to start the button or lever, you are in. As a new comer it is a wise choice as you don’t have to flex your brain or your muscles. With luck on your side you could be very rich before the evening is over.
Slot game singapore is not only attractive but also a great game choice for the inexperienced. This could be the right choice for your gambling ambitions and 12play is your best option as it features dozens of slot games from playtech slots, TOP TREND SLOTS, spadegaming SLOTS and a whopping progressive jackpot.
The airports slot allocation regulations 2006
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2006 no. 2665
The airports slot allocation regulations 2006
The secretary of state for transport is a minister designated(1) for the purposes of section 2(2) of the european communities act 1972(2) in relation to air transport.
Accordingly, the secretary of state makes the following regulations in exercise of the powers conferred upon him by that section.
Citation and commencement
1. These regulations may be cited as the airports slot allocation regulations 2006 and shall come into force on 1st january 2007.
Interpretation
“address”, in relation to electronic communications, means any number or address used for the purposes of such communications;
“air carrier” means any air transport undertaking holding a valid operating licence or equivalent at the latest on 31st january for the following summer season or on 31st august for the following winter season, together with—
For the purposes of regulations 7 and 14 to 19, all other civil aircraft operators; or
For the purpose of regulation 9, other business aviation operators when they operate to a schedule;
“air traffic services” has the meaning given in section 98 of the transport act 2000(3);
“air traffic services licence, exemption, approval or designation” means, respectively—
A licence or an exemption granted pursuant to chapter I of part I of the transport act 2000;
An approval granted pursuant to article 100 of the air navigation order 2005(4); and
A designation issued pursuant to article 8 of council regulation (EC) no. 550/2004(5);
“air traffic services provider” means a person who provides air traffic services pursuant to an air traffic services licence, exemption, approval or designation;
“amending regulations” means each of—
Council regulation (EEC) no. 894/2002(6)amending council regulation (EEC) no. 95/93(7) on common rules for the allocation of slots at community airports;
Council regulation (EC) no. 1554/2003(8) amending council regulation (EEC) no. 95/93 on common rules for the allocation of slots at community airports; and
Council regulation (EC) no. 793/2004(9) amending council regulation (EEC) no. 95/93 on common rules for the allocation of slots at community airports;
“business aviation” has the meaning given in article 2(l) of the council regulation;
“CAA” means the civil aviation authority;
For the purposes of regulations 3(1) and 4(7) and the definition of fully coordinated airport, means an airport where a coordinator has been appointed to facilitate the operations of air carriers operating or intending to operate at that airport, in accordance with the original council regulation; and
For all other purposes, has the meaning given in article 2(g) of the council regulation;
“coordination parameters” has the meaning given in article 2(m) of the council regulation;
“council regulation” means council regulation (EEC) no. 95/93 on common rules for the allocation of slots at community airports, as amended by the amending regulations and as that regulation has effect in accordance with—
The decision of the council and of the commission as regards the agreement on scientific and technological co-operation of 4th april 2002 on the conclusion of seven agreements with the swiss confederation, in so far as it applies between the european community and the swiss confederation on air transport(11);
“EEA agreement” means the agreement on the european economic area signed on 2nd may 1992, as amended by—
The protocol signed at brussels on 17th march 1993; and
The decision of the EEA joint committee no. 7/94 of 21st march 1994(12);
“electronic communication” has the meaning given in section 15(1) of the electronic communications act 2000(13);
“enforcement code” means a code adopted by a coordinator or a schedules facilitator pursuant to regulation 18, as amended or modified in accordance with that regulation;
“fully coordinated airport” means a coordinated airport where, in order to land or take off, during the periods for which it is fully coordinated, it is necessary for an air carrier to have a slot allocated by a coordinator, in accordance with the original council regulation;
“independent reviewer” means a person appointed in accordance with regulation 19;
“managing body of an airport” has the meaning given in article 2(j) of the council regulation and “managing body” shall be construed accordingly;
“new entrant” has the meaning given in article 2(b) of the council regulation;
“1993 regulations” means the airports slot allocation regulations 1993(14);
“operative date” means 30th july 2004, being the date on which council regulation (EC) no. 793/2004 came into force (except as stated in paragraph 2 of article 2 of that regulation);
“original committee” means a coordination committee established at a fully coordinated airport prior to the operative date in accordance with article 5 of the original council regulation and the 1993 regulations and which continues to subsist;
“original coordinator” means any person who, prior to the operative date, was appointed as a coordinator in accordance with article 4 of the original council regulation and the 1993 regulations and whose appointment is still in force;
“original council regulation” means the council regulation prior to amendment by council regulation (EC) no. 793/2004;
“schedules facilitated airport” has the meaning given in article 2(i) of the council regulation; and
“slot” has the meaning given in article 2(a) of the council regulation.
(2) terms defined in paragraph (1) and other terms used in these regulations shall be construed consistently with equivalent terms defined or used in the council regulation.
Conditions for airport coordination
3. —(1) an airport which, prior to the operative date, was designated by the secretary of state in accordance with article 3 of the original council regulation as a coordinated airport shall be deemed to have been designated in accordance with article 3 of the council regulation as a schedules facilitated airport.
(2) an airport which, prior to the operative date, was designated by the secretary of state in accordance with article 3 of the original council regulation as a fully coordinated airport shall be deemed to have been designated in accordance with article 3 of the council regulation as a coordinated airport.
(3) subject to paragraphs (4) and (5), the managing body of an airport—
(a) with no designation status; or
(b) which has been designated (or deemed to have been designated by paragraph (1)) as a schedules facilitated airport,
Shall carry out a thorough capacity analysis in the circumstances specified in (and in accordance with) paragraph 3 of article 3 of the council regulation.
(4) the managing body of an airport specified in paragraph (3) may appoint any competent body to carry out a capacity analysis.
(5) the secretary of state may by written notice served on the managing body of an airport specified in paragraph (3) appoint any competent body to carry out a capacity analysis, if it appears to the secretary of state that the managing body is not willing or able to do so.
(6) the managing body of an airport specified in paragraph (3) shall bear the costs of any appointment pursuant to paragraph (4) or shall reimburse the cost of any appointment made pursuant to paragraph (5).
(7) on request made by the secretary of state by written notice served on the CAA, the CAA shall publish in its publication entitled “united kingdom air pilot” notice of any determination by the secretary of state in accordance with article 3 of the council regulation that an airport shall be (or shall cease to be) designated as a—
(a) schedules facilitated airport; or
The schedules facilitator and the coordinator
4. —(1) the managing body of an airport which is designated as a schedules facilitated airport shall appoint a person as the schedules facilitator for that airport.
(2) the managing body of an airport which is designated as a coordinated airport shall appoint a person as the coordinator for that airport.
(3) no person shall be appointed pursuant to paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) unless that appointment has been approved by the secretary of state following consultation by him in accordance with paragraph 1 of article 4 of the council regulation.
(4) no person shall be appointed pursuant to paragraph (2) unless the managing body is satisfied that—
(a) that person’s functions in his capacity as a coordinator are separate or will be separated from the functions of any interested party; and
(b) that person’s activities in his capacity as a coordinator are financed by means of a system that guarantees the coordinator’s independence.
(5) each coordinator or schedules facilitator shall act in an independent, neutral, non-discriminatory and transparent manner.
(6) the secretary of state may by written notice served on the managing body of an airport and the coordinator or schedules facilitator for that airport withdraw any approval given pursuant to paragraph (3) if the secretary of state is satisfied that any breach of paragraph (4) (in the case of a coordinator only) or paragraph (5) has occurred in relation to that person.
(7) any original coordinator appointed in respect of a coordinated airport shall be deemed to have been duly approved and appointed as the schedules facilitator for that airport in accordance with—
(a) article 4 of the council regulation; and
(8) any original coordinator appointed in respect of a fully coordinated airport shall be deemed to have been duly approved and appointed as the coordinator for that airport in accordance with—
(a) article 4 of the council regulation; and
(9) any appointment (or deemed appointment) referred to in this regulation shall continue unless and until, following consultation by the secretary of state in accordance with paragraph 1 of article 4 of the council regulation, the secretary of state determines that such appointment shall cease to have effect by written notice served on the—
(a) managing body of the airport to which the appointment relates; and
(b) the schedules facilitator or coordinator for that airport.
(10) if a notice is served in accordance with paragraph (9), an appointment shall cease to have effect at the end of the period specified in that notice but without prejudice to any rights or liabilities acquired or incurred by the—
(a) managing body of the airport to which the appointment relates; and
(b) schedules facilitator or coordinator at that airport.
(11) no person shall act as a schedules facilitator for an airport which is designated (or deemed to have been designated by regulation 3(1)) as a schedules facilitated airport or as a coordinator for an airport which is designated (or deemed to have been designated by regulation 3(2)) as a coordinated airport unless he is either—
(a) duly approved and appointed by virtue of paragraphs (1) to (3); or
(b) deemed to be so duly approved and appointed by virtue of paragraph (7) or paragraph (8).
(12) any person who contravenes paragraph (11) shall be guilty of an offence.
Coordination committee
5. —(1) the managing body of an airport which is designated (or deemed to have been designated by regulation 3(2)) as a coordinated airport shall establish and maintain a coordination committee in accordance with article 5 of the council regulation.
(2) any original committee shall be deemed to have been established in accordance with—
(a) article 5 of the council regulation; and
Coordination parameters
6. The managing body at each coordinated airport shall determine the parameters for slot allocation biannually in accordance with article 6 of the council regulation.
Information for schedules facilitators and coordinators
7. Subject to regulations 17, 18 and 19, a penalty of up to £20,000 may be imposed by a coordinator or schedules facilitator by written notice served on any air carrier or managing body of an airport with no designation status on each occasion on which that person—
(a) fails to comply with a request for information made by that coordinator or schedules facilitator pursuant to paragraph 1 of article 7 of the council regulation without reasonable excuse; or
(b) in purported compliance with that paragraph, knowingly or recklessly furnishes information which is false in a material particular.
Process of slot allocation
8. —(1) the managing body of a coordinated airport shall—
(a) be the competent body for the purpose of approving any local guidelines proposed by the coordination committee at that airport in accordance with paragraph 5 of article 8 of the council regulation; and
(b) give written notice to the secretary of state of the adoption, amendment or revocation of any such local guidelines.
(2) A coordinator shall give written notice to the secretary of state of such additional rules established by the air transport industry worldwide or within the european community as that coordinator has taken into account in accordance with paragraph 5 of article 8 of the council regulation.
Slot mobility
9. An air carrier who exchanges or transfers a slot contrary to the requirements of article 8a of the council regulation shall be guilty of an offence.
Public service obligations
10. A coordinator shall perform his duties under the council regulation subject to and in accordance with any reservation of slots—
(a) effected by the secretary of state pursuant to article 9 of the council regulation; and
(b) notified by the secretary of state to him.
Slot pool
11. —(1) in the circumstances described in paragraph (2), the managing body of a coordinated airport shall—
(a) convene a meeting of the coordination committee for that airport to examine possible means of remedying serious capacity problems at that airport; and
(b) invite the commission to attend the meeting.
(2) paragraph (1) applies if, after application of the procedures set out in paragraphs 1 to 8 of article 10 of the council regulation—
(a) the coordinator for that airport is unable to satisfy the requests of new entrants for additional slots; and
(b) in consequence, serious capacity problems continue to exist at that airport for new entrants.
Complaints
12. —(1) save in cases of gross negligence or wilful misconduct, none of the persons specified in paragraph (2) shall be liable in damages in relation to any exercise or purported exercise of (or failure to exercise) his functions under—
(2) the persons referred to in paragraph (1) are—
(b) a schedules facilitator; and
(c) an independent reviewer.
(3) save in cases of gross negligence or wilful misconduct, none of the persons specified in paragraph (4) shall be liable in damages in relation to anything done in compliance or purported compliance with—
(a) any direction issued pursuant to regulation 15; or
(4) the persons referred to in paragraph (3) are—
(a) an air traffic services provider; and
(b) a managing body of an airport.
Relations with third countries
13. A schedules facilitator or coordinator shall perform his duties and an air carrier’s rights shall be subject to any measures which the secretary of state—
(a) is required to take pursuant to paragraph 1 of article 12 of the council regulation; and
(b) notifies in writing to that schedules facilitator, coordinator or air carrier.
Enforcement
14. An air carrier operating at a coordinated airport shall not repeatedly and intentionally—
(a) operate air services at times significantly different from the allocated slots; or
(b) use slots in a significantly different way from that indicated at the time of allocation, where such use causes prejudice to airport or air traffic operations.
Directions
15. —(1) A coordinator may issue a direction to any of the persons specified in paragraph (2) for the purpose of securing compliance by an air carrier with the duty set out in paragraph 14, subject to the conditions specified in paragraph (3).
(2) the persons referred to in paragraph (1) are—
(b) the managing body of an airport; and
(c) an air traffic services provider.
(3) the conditions referred to in paragraph (1) are that—
(a) in the case of a direction served upon the managing body of an airport or an air traffic services provider, the coordinator has first consulted that person; and
(b) the direction does not relate to an air traffic service required by—
(i) an arriving aircraft; or
(ii) a departing aircraft which has commenced push back from its stand.
(4) A person to whom a direction is issued shall comply with that direction except to the extent that, in his reasonable opinion, compliance would (or would be likely to)—
(a) conflict with any other requirement having the force of law including any applicable—
(ii) air traffic services licence, exemption, approval or designation;
(c) in the case of a direction served upon the managing body of an airport or an air traffic services provider, incur or increase any cost to or liability of that person.
(5) A person specified in paragraph (2) who receives a direction issued (or purporting to have been issued) by a coordinator pursuant to this regulation shall be entitled to assume that it has been lawfully and properly issued by that coordinator.
Penalties and other proceedings
16. —(1) subject to regulations 17, 18 and 19, a penalty of up to £20,000 may be imposed by a coordinator by written notice served on any air carrier on each occasion on which that air carrier fails to comply with either of the duties set out in regulations 14 and 15(4).
(2) subject to paragraph (3), each of the duties specified in regulations 14 and 15(4) shall be owed to the coordinator and shall not be actionable at the suit of any other person who suffers loss or is otherwise affected by breach of the duty or duties.
(3) the duty referred to in regulation 15(4) shall be owed by each air carrier to whom a direction is given to all persons likely to suffer loss or otherwise be affected by breach of the direction.
(4) no penalty may be imposed on any person pursuant to paragraph (1) and no other proceedings may be commenced under these regulations in respect of any failure by any person to comply with either of the duties set out in regulations 14 and 15(4) to the extent that the person concerned demonstrates that the failure in question was beyond his reasonable control.
Enforcement procedure
17. —(1) A coordinator or schedules facilitator shall give reasons which explain—
(a) why a penalty has been imposed pursuant to regulation 7 or 16;
(b) the amount of a penalty; and
(c) why a direction has been issued pursuant to regulation 15.
(2) any person upon whom such a penalty may be imposed or to whom such a direction may be issued shall have an opportunity to—
(a) subject to paragraph (3), make representations to the coordinator or schedules facilitator before or after the penalty is imposed or direction is issued;
(b) in the circumstances described in paragraph (4), require a review of the decision of the coordinator or schedules facilitator by an independent reviewer;
(c) subject to paragraph (3), make representations to that independent reviewer for the purpose of that review.
(3) the representations referred to in sub-paragraphs (a) and (c) of paragraph (2) may be written or, if the person upon whom a penalty may be imposed or to whom a direction may be issued so requests, may be made at an oral hearing which, if that person so requests, shall be held in public but from which the press and public may be excluded to the extent that the protection of commercial confidentiality requires.
(4) A review may be required on any of the following grounds—
(a) the decision of the coordinator or schedules facilitator was substantially flawed;
(b) the decision-making process adopted by the coordinator or schedules facilitator was substantially unfair;
(c) new information has become available after the decision that could not reasonably have been made available to the coordinator or schedules facilitator before the decision and which, had it been made available, would have resulted in a substantially different decision; or
(d) the penalty or direction is disproportionate.
(5) upon completion of a review, an independent reviewer may endorse the decision in question or direct that—
(a) the coordinator or schedules facilitator reconsider the decision;
(b) the amount of any penalty be increased or reduced;
(c) the decision be varied in any other respect; or
(d) the decision be cancelled,
In each case, to such extent or in such manner as the independent reviewer may specify.
(6) A coordinator or schedules facilitator shall reconsider a decision to impose a penalty or (in the case of a coordinator) to issue a direction—
(a) if an opportunity is afforded to make representations after the decision is made; or
(b) to the extent that an independent reviewer directs that the decision should be reconsidered,
And, in either case, may vary or cancel the decision to such extent as the coordinator or schedules facilitator deems appropriate in the circumstances.
(7) decisions of a coordinator or schedules facilitator shall be published in such manner as the coordinator or schedules facilitator considers appropriate, except to the extent that the protection of commercial confidentiality requires.
(8) A penalty imposed pursuant to regulation 7 or regulation 16 shall be—
(a) recoverable by a coordinator or schedules facilitator as a civil debt; and
(b) upon collection, shall be paid together with any accrued interest into the consolidated fund after deduction of all costs and expenses reasonably and properly incurred by the coordinator or schedules facilitator for the purpose of enforcement.
(9) the costs and expenses to be deducted for the purpose of paragraph (8)(b) shall include the costs of any review (including any legal costs) incurred by the coordinator or schedules facilitator (including the fees and expenses of the independent reviewer) which are not reimbursed by the person who has required the review pursuant to regulation 19(5)(b).
(10) A coordinator shall publish an annual report concerning the implementation of regulations 14 to 16 in such manner and in such form and containing such information (including a summary of any penalties imposed or directions issued) as he considers appropriate or as the secretary of state may by written notice require from time to time.
Enforcement code
18. —(1) A coordinator or schedules facilitator shall adopt and publish an enforcement code which makes provision for the manner in which that coordinator or schedules facilitator will—
(a) impose penalties pursuant to regulation 7 or, in the case of a coordinator, regulation 16; or
(b) in the case of a coordinator, issue directions pursuant to regulation 15.
(a) shall comply with regulation 17;
(b) shall make provision as to—
(i) the circumstances in which the coordinator or schedules facilitator intends to impose penalties or (in the case of a coordinator) issue directions;
(ii) the procedures which the coordinator or schedules facilitator intends to adopt for the purpose of imposing any penalty or (in the case of a coordinator) issuing any direction;
(iii) the extent to which the amount of any penalty may vary depending upon the nature of the breach of duty in question; and
(iv) any other factors that the coordinator or schedules facilitator intends to take into account in determining the amount of any penalty;
(c) may contain such incidental or supplementary provisions as the coordinator or schedules facilitator considers appropriate; and
(d) subject to paragraph (3), may be amended or revoked by the coordinator or schedules facilitator.
(3) before adopting, amending or revoking an enforcement code, a coordinator or schedules facilitator shall consult the secretary of state and, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the secretary of state—
(a) the managing body of an airport to which the code relates;
(b) the members of the coordination committee for that airport; and
(c) each air traffic services provider.
(4) the secretary of state may at any time by written notice served on a coordinator or schedules facilitator require that the enforcement code that has been adopted and published by that coordinator or schedules facilitator be modified in such manner as may be specified in the notice, provided that the secretary of state has first consulted—
(a) the coordinator or schedules facilitator; and
(b) the persons specified in sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) of paragraph (3).
(5) each of the persons specified in paragraph (6) shall comply with the enforcement code adopted by a coordinator or schedules facilitator, subject to the exception that applies to regulation 15(4) in respect of each of sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) of that regulation.
(6) the persons referred to in paragraph (5) are—
(a) the coordinator or schedules facilitator;
(b) each independent reviewer appointed by that coordinator or schedules facilitator;
(c) the managing body of an airport to which the code relates;
(d) air carriers operating at that airport; and
(e) any air traffic services provider.
(7) following the adoption, amendment, revocation or modification of any provision of an enforcement code (“a relevant event”)—
(a) the coordinator or schedules facilitator shall give written notice of the relevant event and, in the case of adoption, a copy of the provision or, in the case of amendment or modification, details of the change, to each of—
(ii) the persons specified in sub-paragraphs (b) to (e) of paragraph (6); and
(b) the CAA shall publish in its publication entitled “united kingdom air pilot” any notice received by it from the coordinator or schedules facilitator in accordance with sub-paragraph (a).
(8) the modification, amendment or revocation of any provision of any enforcement code shall not affect the validity of anything previously done under that provision.
Independent reviewer
19. —(1) an independent reviewer shall be a natural person—
(a) nominated by the coordinator or schedules facilitator after consulting the persons specified in sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) of regulation 18(3), for which purpose—
(i) the person nominated shall disclose in writing to the coordinator or schedules facilitator any relationship with or interest in any—
(cc) air traffic services provider; and
(ii) the coordinator or schedules facilitator shall disclose in writing to each of the persons specified in sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) of regulation 18(3), in such form as the coordinator or schedules facilitator considers appropriate, any relationship or interest disclosed to that coordinator or schedules facilitator pursuant to sub-paragraph (i); and
(b) whose identity, qualifications and terms of appointment by the coordinator or schedules facilitator have been approved in writing by the secretary of state.
(2) any approval given by the secretary of state pursuant to paragraph (1)(b) may relate to an appointment for the purpose of a particular review or a standing appointment of—
(a) a single independent reviewer; or
(b) a panel comprising two or more independent reviewers, any one of whom may be selected for the purpose of a particular review.
(3) if it appears to the secretary of state that any independent reviewer appointed for the purpose of a particular review is not independent and impartial having regard to the circumstances of the review in question, the secretary of state may by notice in writing to the coordinator or schedules facilitator require that, for the purpose of that review, the independent reviewer—
(a) ceases to act as such; and
(b) is replaced by another independent reviewer.
(4) subject to paragraph (5), the fees and expenses of an independent reviewer shall be borne by the coordinator or schedules facilitator but otherwise an independent reviewer shall not have any relationship with or interest in any coordinator or schedules facilitator.
(5) the costs of any review (including any legal costs) incurred by the person who has required the review and by the coordinator or schedules facilitator (including the fees and expenses of the independent reviewer) shall be—
(a) borne, as between the coordinator or schedules facilitator and the person who has required the review, in such manner as the independent reviewer may determine to be fair, having regard to all of the circumstances; and
(b) to the extent that the independent reviewer determines that such costs incurred by the coordinator or schedules facilitator shall be borne by the person who has required the review, reimbursed by that person to the coordinator or schedules facilitator; or
(c) to the extent that the independent reviewer determines that such costs incurred by the person who has required the review shall be borne by the coordinator or schedules facilitator, reimbursed by the coordinator or schedules facilitator to that person.
(6) notwithstanding any of the terms of appointment of an independent reviewer, the appointment of an independent reviewer shall not be terminated without the prior written approval of the secretary of state except in consequence of—
(c) expiry of the period of the appointment.
Offences
20. —(1) A person guilty of an offence under these regulations shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum; and
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both.
(2) where an offence under these regulations has been committed by a body corporate and is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of any—
(d) other similar officer of the body corporate; or
(e) any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity,
He as well as the body corporate shall be guilty of that offence and liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(3) where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, paragraph (1) shall apply in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his functions of management as if he were a director of the body corporate.
(4) where a limited partnership is guilty of an offence under these regulations and that offence is proved to have been committed with the consent or the connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, a partner, he as well as the partnership shall be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
Notices
21. —(1) in any case where notice may be or is required to be given to or served on any person by these regulations, that notice may be given or served—
(a) in a manner set out in regulation 4 of the civil aviation authority regulations 1991(15); or
(i) an address for service using electronic communications has been given by that person and not withdrawn in accordance with paragraph (5); and
(ii) that person has agreed to accept service by electronic communications of documents in a certain form and has not withdrawn that agreement in accordance with that paragraph,
By using electronic communications to send the document in that form to that person at that address.
(2) A document given to or served on a person in accordance with paragraph (1)(b) must be in a form sufficiently permanent to be used for subsequent reference.
(3) where a document is given to or served on a person in accordance with paragraph (1)(b), the document shall be deemed to have been given to or served on that person at the time at which the electronic communication is transmitted unless—
(a) the contrary is proved; or
(4) if the time at which an electronic communication is transmitted to a person is not a time at which that person’s principal place of business in the country in which the addressee is situated is normally open for business, the document shall be deemed to have been given or served on that person on the next day on which that person’s principal place of business in the country in which the addressee is situated is normally open for business.
(5) A person who has supplied an address for service using electronic communications and has agreed to accept service of documents in a certain form in accordance with paragraph (1)(b) may give notice withdrawing that address or that agreement or both.
(6) A withdrawal under paragraph (5) shall take effect on the later of—
(a) the date specified by the person in the notice; and
(b) the date which is fourteen days after the date on which the notice is given.
(7) `this regulation shall not apply to any document in relation to the service of which provision is made by the rules of the court.
Revocation
22. The following regulations are revoked—
(a) the airports slot allocation regulations 1993;
(b) the airports slot allocation (amendment) regulations 1993(16);
(c) the airports slot allocation (second amendment) regulations 1994(17); and
(d) regulation 6 of the EC/swiss air transport agreement (consequential amendments) regulations 2004(18).
Signed by authority of the secretary for state
Parliamentary under secretary of state
EXPLANATORY NOTE
(this note is not part of the regulations)
These regulations replace the airports slot allocation regulations 1993, which require extensive amendment in consequence of changes made to council regulation (EEC) no. 95/93 by council regulation (EC) no. 793/2004.
Regulation 3 provides that an airport formerly designated as coordinated or fully coordinated is to be treated as if it had been designated as, respectively, schedules facilitated or coordinated. It also implements article 3(3) of the council regulation by requiring a capacity analysis to be conducted at other airports in specified circumstances.
Regulation 4 implements articles 4(1) and 4(2) of the council regulation by requiring the appointment of schedules facilitators or coordinators and sets out the conditions to be complied with in respect of appointments. It provides that any person previously appointed as a coordinator for an airport formerly designated as coordinated shall be treated as if he had been appointed as a schedules facilitator for that airport. Similarly, any person previously appointed as a coordinator for an airport formerly designated as fully coordinated shall be treated as if he had been appointed as a coordinator for that airport. This regulation maintains existing criminal offences in respect of unauthorised persons who act in either capacity.
Regulation 5 implements article 5 of the council regulation by requiring the operators of coordinated airports to establish coordination committees.
Regulation 6 implements article 6(1) of the council regulation by requiring the operators of coordinated airports to determine slot allocation parameters biannually.
Regulation 7 implements article 7(1) of the council regulation by permitting a coordinator or a schedules facilitator to impose financial penalties on persons who fail to comply with their obligations under that article to provide information. Breach of the original article 7 was previously a criminal offence.
Regulation 8 implements article 8(5) of the council regulation by requiring the operators of coordinated airports and coordinators to notify the secretary of state of local guidelines and rules which require to be notified to the european commission.
Regulation 9 maintains the existing criminal offence in respect of slot transfers which breach article 8a of the council regulation.
Regulation 10 implements article 9(1) of the council regulation by requiring coordinators to comply with slot reservations made for the purpose of public service obligations.
Regulation 11 implements article 10(9) of the council regulation by requiring the operators of coordinated airports to convene a meeting of the local coordination committee in certain circumstances.
Regulation 12 implements article 11(2) of the council regulation by protecting coordinators and schedules facilitators from civil claims, except in cases of gross negligence or wilful default
Regulation 13 implements article 12(1) of the council regulation by requiring that coordinators and air carriers observe any measures that the secretary of state is required to take by the european commission.
Regulation 14 implements article 14(5) of the council regulation by prohibiting the misuse of slots at coordinated airports. The council regulation does not require an equivalent prohibition in the case of schedules facilitated airports.
Regulation 15 gives power to a coordinator to issue directions in order to secure compliance with regulation 14.
Regulation 16 permits a coordinator to impose non-criminal sanctions in the form of financial penalties.
Regulation 17 establishes an enforcement procedure with which a coordinator or schedules facilitator must comply.
Regulation 18 obliges a coordinator or schedules facilitator to adopt an enforcement code and makes provision as to its content, amendment, revocation or modification.
Regulation 19 makes provision for the appointment of an independent reviewer to whom enforcement decisions of a coordinator or schedules facilitator may be appealed.
Regulation 20 maintains the existing penalties for existing criminal offences.
Regulation 21 permits notices to be served either by traditional means or by electronic communications.
Regulation 22 revokes the airports slot allocation regulations 1993 and subsequent amending regulations.
List of sports rules and regulations
This section highlights why the rules and regulations of sports are important. Click through the list of categories to learn why we need rules and regulations in sport and games.
REGULATIONS IN SPORT: check out the A to Z of sports listed below.
Each listing contains a brief overview or summary. It covers the key rules and regulations of sports played around the united kingdom.
The comprehensive listings include outdoor ball sports and indoor court games. Read on for professional racket games and global information on international olympic events.
After clicking through you will get all the essential instructions and laws in the game. You can also find all the match facts and gripping reviews by expert pundits in the field.
Our sports research team delves deep into the basic rules of sports. Get hot tips originating from the PDF of the governing body official rule book. We also deliver competitive match reports and championship events.
You will also find interesting sporting articles in the world sports news section. It covers the latest news headlines about sports rules and leisure activity regulations.
Rules and regulations of the sports
Learning the rules and regulations in sport is the essential start for all beginners. Sports fans will soon become an authority on the game.
Along with the essential rules in sport you can also find useful coaching guidelines. There is in-depth information on equipment facts, tactical strategies, and team playing positions.
Listing sports rules and regulations A-Z
American football
AMERICAN FOOTBALL RULES: the NFL overview is the ideal introduction to american football rules and regulations. Learn all the references and terminology used in the game with simplified explanations on player tactics.
Archery
Archers, face the target and aim your bow high as we shoot through a range of archery laws UK and field tactics for beginners.
Arm wrestling
ARMWRESTLING RULES: do you have power, brute strength, and strong arm leverage? The guide will help arm wrestlers and beginners follow the strict arm wrestling rules of the british armwrestling federation.
Australian football
AUSSIE RULES FOOTBALL: the game of australian rules football has been kicking around 'down under' since 1841. As a rule, the professional league game is played almost exclusively in australia.
Badminton
Beginners may find badminton rules UK a little confusing and difficult to understand. Our simple guide is the ideal introduction to the fundamentals of the game.
Baseball
BASEBALL RULES: learn how to play the basic rules of baseball game in a simplified guide for beginners. There is extra information on team tactics and scoring strategies for batters.
Basketball
BASKETBALL RULES: world basketball is a popular ball game with a simple set of rules. The basic regulations of basketball get standardized by the international basketball federation (FIBA).
Beer pong
BEER PONG RULES: the popular drinking game gets played in a wide range of venues. It is a fun indoor activity because beer pong rules and regulations are easy to learn.
Billiards
BILLIARDS RULES: beginners can learn the basic rules of billiards game from this simplified version. The guide has match scoring tactics and billiard equipment regulations.
Bossaball
BOSSABALL RULES: take the cool moves from soccer, add in a little gymnastics, and mix it all up over a net on a huge inflatable trampoline. You have a recipe for the modern bossaball rules and regulations.
Bowls
BOWLS RULES: the sport of bowls (also known as lawn bowls) is a game of bowling. Check out bowls rules and regulations played outdoors but still adheres to the same guidelines as the indoor format.
Boxing
BOXING RULES: UK professional and amateur championship laws vary by jurisdiction. But, beginners can fight their way through the boxing rules and regulations for newcomers and combatant boxers who participate.
Chess
CHESS RULES: A simple guide explaining chess rules and regulation and how to play the game. The section outlines all the strategies and tactics of chess piece movements in simple format.
Chess boxing
CHESSBOXING RULES: an oddball combination hybrid sport of chess and boxing. Find out how chess boxing rules combine the physical challenge of boxing with a blitz of chess rounds.
Cricket
CRICKET RULES: the simple aim of playing the rules and regulations of cricket is to achieve a higher run score than the opposition. It is a universal sport popularized since its 'first innings' in the 16th century.
Croquet
CROQUET RULES: learn how to play the quintessentially english game of croquet. The simple croquet rules UK regulate how you hit a ball through a course of wicket hoops using a wooden mallet.
Curling
CURLING RULES: master the regulations of indoor curling rules for beginners. The regulations of curling combine the principles and disciplines of bowls with the tactical intrigue of chess.
Darts
DARTS RULES: darting is all about scoring so step up to the oche, aim high, and finish on top - no bull! Click through to check out the darts rules and regulations for beginners.
Dodgeball
Learn dodgeball rules and find out why the sport has become a commonplace physical education activity in many primary schools around the united kingdom
Fencing
FENCING RULES: this section for beginners focuses on sword fencing rules and regulations for the most common branch - olympic fencing. The other two versions are the classical version and historical fencing.
Football
FIFA laws of the game define the rules and regulations of football (soccer). A simplified list of association football rules will help you understand all the action.
Formula one
F1 RULES: formula one is a technical motor racing sport full of speed, noise, and excitement. Learning the basic rules of formula one racing will soon place beginners in pole position.
Golf
GOLFING RULES: this guide to golfing will get you aiming in the right direction and off to a flier. Check out golf rules and regulations covering the full range of rulings and golfing explanations.
Handball
HANDBALL RULES: the UK handball rules allow two teams of seven players (7). They rush around the court with the aim of scoring the most goals, achieved by throwing the ball into the opponent's goal.
Highland games
HIGHLAND GAMES EVENTS: learn the scottish highland games rules of gaelic events. They include challenges such as stone putting and log throwing while wearing traditional attire.
Hockey
HOCKEY RULES: some field hockey rules and regulations are similar to a soccer game. But, team players use a stick to play the ball instead of kicking it with their feet.
Ice hockey
ICE HOCKEY RULES: imagine the fastest contact sport played, and fought, between two teams on an ice rink. This is ice hockey rules UK and a unique game perfectly adapted for icy winter sports.
Jiu jitsu
JIUJITSU RULES: even an absolute novice can start learning jiu jitsu - one of the popular martial arts. Browse through 10 basic jiu jitsu rules meant for beginners and players.
Judo
JUDO RULES: learn how to follow olympic judo game rules and regulations. Check how they run international contests as we explain the basics of judo scoring and judging.
Lacrosse
LACROSSE RULES: the section explains lacrosse rules UK for beginners. Follow this simplified guide to lacrosse sticks team tactics, equipment requirements, and player strategies.
Netball
NETBALL RULES: simplifying IFNA official rules and regulations of netball game. The guide has all the match tactics and scoring strategies for players and beginners.
Polo
POLO RULES: as horse and human 'partner up' together to play polo rules and regulations. The simple aim is to score the most goals by sending a ball through a small trap at the end of the pitch.
Racquetball
RACQUETBALL RULES: the invention of the paddle racket game occurred in 1950. Beginners will learn the basic rules of racquetball by following this simplified guide.
Rounders (bat and ball)
Beginners can learn all the important rounders rules and regulations in this simple guide of player tactics and match-winning strategies.
Rugby league
RUGBY LEAGUE RULES: A basic guide begins with these rugby league rules for beginners. Check out the most important aspects of league's game rulings.
Rugby union
Rugger is 'tough' to handle - but try, try, and try again! Check the list of rugby rules and regulations with explanations extracted from the official RFU laws of the game.
Shuffleboard
SHUFFLEBOARD RULES: learn how to play outdoor deck shuffleboard rules game. It is appropriate for most age groups because the objective is so simple and easy.
Snooker
SNOOKER RULES: check out these basic snooker rules for beginners. This simplified version explains match scoring tactics and equipment regulations.
Softball
SOFTBALL RULES: the simple rules of softball are similar to baseball but there are a few significant differences.
Squash
SQUASH RULES: check out the guide for beginners and play squash rules like an ace. The section serves all the scoring tactics of this fast-moving court game.
Swimming
SWIMMING RULES: A basic guide for beginners with information taken from the national governing body. The ASA regulate competitive swimming rules in the united kingdom.
Table tennis
TABLE TENNIS RULES: learn all the player tactics and basic table tennis rules. The section also explains the scoring rules of ping pong and the equipment regulations.
Tennis
RULES OF TENNIS: like most other racket and ball sports, the basic rules and regulations of tennis are set around a series of match winning points.
Ultimate frisbee
ULTIMATE FRISBEE RULES: the game is a fast-paced sport using flying discs. That is one reason why ultimate frisbee rules and regulations are more commonly known as 'ultimate'.
Volleyball
VOLLEYBALL RULES: stay off the sidelines and be a winner. Follow these volleyball rules and regulations with volleying tactics for beginners and novices.
Weird sports
STRANGE EXTREME SPORTS: the most concise list of weird sport rules from all around the world. Check out those interesting and wacky sports that get played by a zany and elitist minority.
Yoga
YOGA RULES: A large number of athletes and sports persons use the established tradition and philosophy of practicing basic yoga regulations to enhance their sporting performance and physical prowess.
List sports rules and regulations: A to Z of games and sporting events
last updated 2020
Slots rules
The instructions to slots games include certain commonly occurring terms and it is essential the players clearly understand what they mean. Also players have to make certain choices in placing the bet and they should exercise these choices with the full understanding of the implications. This section addresses both these issues.
How paylines work
A specified number of like symbols appearing in a selected payline results in a payout. This payout is shown in the payout table. In slots machines the paylines do not only run in horizontal lines across the reels. They also appear in a zigzag fashion. A payline could have a symbol from the first row in the first reel, from the second row in the second reel, from the third row in the third reel, from the second row in the fourth reel and from the first row in the fifth reel. The payline patterns are displayed in the instructions section.
How to select paylines before betting
Classic slots offer from one to five paylines. Video slots offer from five to hundred and more paylines. The paylines are numbered starting from 1. Some slot machines activate all paylines by default, but in most cases players are asked to select the number of paylines. A LINES button is provided below the reels and the number of lines selected displayed near the button. Clicking the button once selects the first payline, clicking the buttons twice selects the first two paylines and so on. The prudent choice is to select all paylines, because a combination will result in a payout only if the payline has been activated.
Spin button vs. Bet max button and the difference
After the paylines and the staked amount have been set the player has to set the reels in motion. There are two ways to do this. A SPIN button is provided at the bottom right corner of the screen. Clicking this button will start the reels. This option is suitable for players who do not want to activate all the paylines.
The alternative is the BET MAX button. This button sets the paylines to the maximum number offered in the slots machine and simultaneously operates the reels. This option is ideal for players who want to activate all the paylines.
How coins / credits work
Players have to first select the number of coins per payline. In some slots machine this is set to 1 by default, in other slots machines the player can choose a number up to the given upper limit. The total coins wagered per spin are obtained by multiplying the number of coins selected with the number of paylines selected.
The player then has to select the coin size from the range provided. The total stake per spin can then be calculated in currency terms, which is referred to as credits. The total credits wagered is equal to the total coins wagered multiplied by the coin size.
How to select coins / credits
If the number of coins is set to 1 by default then no selection needs to be made. In other cases players have to operate the COINS button below the reels. Clicking on the button once increases the number of coins by 1. Clicking on the button when the number of coins is maximum, sets the selection to 1 coin.
The coin size button displays the default coin size. Clicking on the right arrow increases the coin size to the next higher one in the range and clicking on the left arrow decreases the coin size to the previous lower one. Nomenclatures may differ from slots game to slots game.
How scatter symbols work
One of the symbols is designated as a scatter symbol, which has special properties. In order to be effective the scatter symbols need not appear in defined paylines. The specified number of scatter symbols can appear anywhere on the reels.
Scatter symbols usually offer scatter payouts, which are defined in the payout table. The payout is applied on the total bet. If the payout for three scatter symbols is 10, and the player has wagered 5 coins each on 30 paylines. The total bet is 150 coins and the scatter payout is 1,500 coins.
Scatter symbols can also be used to trigger bonus rounds.
How wild symbols work
The wild symbol is the most important symbol in the slots machine. It is also referred to as the substitute symbol because it can substitute for most other symbols in order to complete a winning combination. If a particular symbol appears in an active payline on reels 1, 3, 4 and 5 and the wild symbol appears in reel 2 on that payline, then the substitution takes place and the player will be credited with the payout for five of a kind for that symbol.
In contemporary video slots the wild symbol may also act as the jackpot symbol or a multiplier.
About expanding wilds
Expanding wilds are special wild symbols. When they appear on a reel they expand to cover the entire reel replacing the other symbols. This expanding accompanied by a suitable animation like a face close up turning into a full length figure. Then all the spots on the reel act independently as wild symbols.
About stacked wilds
Stacked wilds do not expand but appear as independent symbols one on top of the other in the same reel. Double stacks have two wild symbols in a stack. Some slot games offer stacks of wild symbols covering the entire reel. Each symbol in the stack acts as an independent wild symbol.
How multipliers work
The usual payout for a winning combination is defined in the payout table. Slots machines sometimes specify a symbol as a multiplier. If that symbol appears in a winning combination then the payout is further multiplied. Usually the wild symbol is a multiplier. The slots rules may specify that if the wild symbol appears in any winning combination then the normal payouts would be doubled. The multiplier can be 3x or 4x or anything specified in the slots rules. In some slots games each multiplier symbol appearing in a winning combination independently multiplies payouts. The information about multipliers will be given along with the payout table.
How free spins bonuses work
In a free spins bonus round the players are awarded a number of free spins. They do not wager any additional amounts for these free spins but are entitled to the payouts won. To further sweeten the pot the payouts may automatically be enhanced by a multiplier.
The free spin bonus round is usually triggered when a specified sequence of symbols appears on the reels. The most common mechanism is three or more scatter symbols appearing on the reels. The number of free spins and the multiplier could be specified in the slots rules or could be determined randomly after the event is triggered.
How standard bonus rounds typically work
Bonus rounds, or bonus games on the second screen, offer players free credits without any bet being placed. They are usually triggered when a specified sequence of symbols appears on the reels. The reels disappear for the duration of the bonus round, which is played in a setting consistent with the theme of the slots game.
Essentially the players are required to select one or more objects from those displayed on the screen and are randomly awarded bonus credits. Sometimes players keep selecting till they hit a booby trap. The exact rules are made clear along with the payout table.
How progressive jackpots work
In progressive jackpot online slots the jackpot amount keeps increasing with each wager. A portion of each wager is added to the jackpot amount. When a player hits the combination that results in a payout he will get the entire amount standing in the jackpot at that time. The jackpot amount will then be reset to the base level and keep rising till it is hit again. In some slots games the jackpot may be hit randomly after any spin.
Some progressive jackpots hit infrequently but pay out life changing amounts when hit. Others hit frequently but pay much smaller amounts.
How auto play works with online slots
Most players wager at online slots using the same bet again and again. They find it tedious to activate the reels after each spin. Therefore most slots game developers incorporate an auto play feature. The auto play button is located below the reels. It allows the player to set the number of spins and then the player need not even be at his computer while the game plays out. Advance auto play feature allow for automatic aborting if the total amount won or lost in that session exceeds a specified amount or if any single win exceeds a specified amount.
Latest news
The latest online casino & slots related news added to our site can be found featured below.
G aming G uru
State regulations put the lie to slot machine myths
None of this, or anything like it, is true. Not because it's impossible to design a machine that could do any or all of these things. But because the casino industry is closely regulated, the state gaming commissions prohibit any such shenanigans, and violations of the restrictions could result in the offenders being heavily fined or losing their valuable operating licenses.
Here are examples of the regulations governing slot machines in nevada. They're not much different in other jurisdictions.
The authorities' primary concern is that slot machines function as games of chance. In particular, outcomes cannot be predetermined in any automatic or manual way. The umbrella regulation ensuring this condition is that the devices "must use a random selection process to determine the outcome of each play."
Under this rule, arrangements of "elements which produce winning or losing game outcomes must be available for random selection at the initiation of each play." if the machine represents real elements - such as cards in poker or blackjack, balls in keno, or dice in craps - "the mathematical probability of a symbol or other element" in the slot outcome and the actual game must be equal. An illustration would be that a standard deck of 52 cards contains four aces; the chance of an ace as the first card dealt in a poker hand, real or in a video implementation, is 4/52 or 7.7 percent. If the machine doesn't portray an actual situation, say it's a four-reel slot, "the probability of a symbol appearing at a position in any game outcome must be constant." here's an example: if the odds against a star appearing on the second reel are 20-to-1, the value is fixed when the machine is certified and can't be changed without going through a new approval procedure.
Cycles and streaks are also covered by the regulation. The rule states that results of the random selection process "must not produce detectable patterns of game elements" and must not result in any recognizable "dependency upon previous game outcome, the amount wagered, or upon the style or method of play."
No modification of results after the initial random selection process is permitted, either. The rule stipulates that once an outcome is selected for a play, it is displayed directly. "the gaming device must not make a variable secondary decision which affects the result shown to the player."
Finally, the regulations prevent machines from artificially enforcing the law of averages. They can neither enter a hot mode - perhaps enabling or even scheduling a jackpot - after keeping too much money, nor go into a cold phase after paying out too much. This is achieved by forbidding "internal computation of the hold percentage" - the fraction of the money played that's kept by the house - then using such information to "alter pay tables or any function of the device."
Why do otherwise sophisticated solid citizens, folks who can carry two heaping platters to their tables at any casino buffet in town without dropping a single swedish meatball on the floor, could hold such notions? Perhaps the poet laureate of the casino scene, sumner A ingmark, knew the answer when he wrote:
I believe what my eyes want to see,
and whate'er my fond hope wants to be,
when the experts proclaim otherwise,
it's 'cause someone pays them to tell lies.
Pachinko
Rules and regulations
1.2.1 what is pachinko and how is it classified?
In japan, the pachinko industry, where pachinko parlours are operated by private entities, generates annual revenue of several hundred billion U.S. Dollars (please note that while there is also a machine called “pachi-slot”, which resembles a slot machine in the pachinko parlours, since the regulations of pachinko and pachi-slot are quite similar, this article focuses on pachinko).
To those who are unfamiliar with this device, pachinko is a mechanical game that resembles a vertical pinball machine with no flippers typically combined with a slot machine. While a pinball machine uses a single ball per game, a pachinko machine uses a large number of (smaller-sized) balls at the same time. A pachinko player purchases these balls and launches them into the machine. Since there are no flippers, the balls launched into the machine simply come down the machine, hitting the pins and bumpers, and if the balls go into certain holes, it triggers an event (in many cases, the slot machine starts turning). If the slot hits a jackpot, more balls will be released. The balls then can be exchanged for tokens or prizes that could be classified as “something provided for momentary entertainment”, such as plastic cards or ballpoint pens. These plastic cards and ballpoint pens can be (and often are) taken to a different establishment and exchanged for cash at an off-market rate (e.G., 5,000 yen for a plastic card that cannot practically be used for anything other than as a prize at a pachinko parlour).
Pachinko is obviously not among one of the four public sports permitted under the special laws, nor a public lottery, nor japanese soccer pools. Winning and losing seem affected by chance or accident due to the form of machine (i.E., a pinball machine with no bumpers combined with a slot machine), and the player is apparently able to receive prizes that can be and often are converted into cash.
However, pachinko traditionally has not been interpreted as “gambling” as prohibited under the japanese penal code, allegedly due to the existence of a so-called “three party system” used in the pachinko industry since the 1960s and certain other factors, which are explained in the next section.
1.2.2 pachinko and the “three party system”
The three parties involved under the “three party system” are (i) pachinko parlors, (ii) prize buyers, and (iii) prize wholesalers. A pachinko player exchanges cash into pachinko balls and plays pachinko games at the pachinko parlour. If the player wins the game, the player exchanges the balls at the pachinko parlour for special prizes such as plastic cards and ballpoint pens. The player may sell these prizes to a prize buyer, who will purchase the prizes from the player for cash at an off-market rate. A prize wholesaler buys these prizes from a prize buyer and sells them back to pachinko parlours.
There have been no cases where a japanese court has rendered its decision as to whether the operations under this three party system are legal under japanese law, and therefore it is not conclusively clear whether such operation is actually legal. In fact, it has been widely reported that, when a pachinko operator applied for listing on the tokyo stock exchange in 2005, their application was denied due to the uncertainty regarding the legality of the “three party system”. I
So far, the national police agency has taken the view that while pachinko operators may not purchase prizes from and pay cash to pachinko players, third parties unrelated to the pachinko operator are not prohibited from purchasing pachinko prizes from pachinko players.
The reason behind the national police agency’s view and its reluctance to charge pachinko operators and litigate the legality of the three party system in front of a japanese court is not entirely clear, but it is commonly regarded that the japanese police believes it has the pachinko industry under its control since a significant number of retired police officials serve as board members of key associations and companies related to the pachinko industry (including the security communications association, which is the sole entity having the authority to test and approve or disapprove pachinko machines, the role of which is described in more detail in section 1.2.3.A below). It is also widely said that, although no formal research has been conducted recently, most of the pachinko operators are controlled by north or south korean people or people who are originally from north or south korea, and the japanese government has been reluctant to strictly regulate the pachinko industry in light of the diplomatic relations with those countries.
1.2.3 licence and regulation regarding pachinko
Even though pachinko is not classified as “gambling” (at least by the national police agency), pachinko operations are subject to various requirements and restrictions and oversight by japanese laws and regulatory authorities. Generally speaking, pachinko parlour regulations fall under the amusement business act (law no. 122 of 1948, as amended) and the cabinet and ministerial ordinances and regulations thereunder.
The pachinko business is considered an ‘‘amusement business’’ as prescribed by the amusement business act. Under the amusement business act, a pachinko parlour operator must obtain a licence (an ‘‘operating licence’’) from the prefectural public safety commission prior to establishing a parlour. Once granted, the operating licence will continue to be effective unless and until it is cancelled.
When considering whether or not to approve an application for an operating licence, the prefectural public safety commission will consider the following factors prescribed by the amusement business act:
- Whether the business owner/operator is, with reference to past offences or other instances of regulatory non-compliance, a fit and proper person to hold an operating licence;
- Whether the proposed place of business, including its structural integrity and other building specifications is appropriate;
- Whether the location of the intended place of business, including town planning and area zoning considerations and proximity to schools and hospitals is appropriate; and
- Whether the compliance with legal specifications of the pachinko machines intended to be installed at the proposed parlor is appropriate.
The prefectural public safety commission may, at its discretion and at any time, impose conditions on the operating licence which it considers necessary in order to maintain certain standards of moral decency within the pachinko parlour and broader food and beverage industry, or otherwise for the purpose of protecting minors.
Other significant limitations on the holder of an operating licence (the ‘‘licence holder’’) include restrictions on corporate restructuring and corporate succession, so as to prevent the unauthorised transfer of an operating licence. A licence holder must obtain prior approval by the prefectural public safety commission to make any corporate restructuring. Any operating licence transferee is subject to the same requirements as the original licence holder.
The amusement business act also regulates the pachinko machines installed by the licence holder in its parlours. One of the conditions for the operating licence is that pachinko machines installed in pachinko parlours do not encourage a ‘‘passion for gambling’’.
Pachinko machines are subject to certain restrictions, such as those listed below, in order to comply with this condition:
- Limitations on the value of pachinko balls that may be put into play per minute;
- Limitations on the number of pachinko balls that may be released in various modes of play;
- Limitations on the total number of pachinko balls that may be released over a continuous period of play;
- The size of the pockets which trigger jackpot mode, as compared to the size of the pachinko ball, may not be significantly larger or smaller than the customary size;
- Pachinko balls may not be automatically fired into the field of play without the player directly controlling the shooting strength; and
- The machine may not be capable of easily being illegally modified or otherwise changed.
A person who intends to manufacture or import a pachinko machine or to install it may (although it is not legally required) apply for an inspection of the machine by the security communications association for specifications of such imported or manufactured pachinko machine. Machine prototypes that pass such testing receive certificates. Each machine subsequently manufactured according to that prototype will also have a certificate showing its compliance with the testing. Purchasing machines from manufacturers that have received this approval reduces the risk of installing machines that do not comply with the legal requirements. Therefore, a machine manufacturer typically submits its machine prototypes to testing by the security communications association.
Also, a pachinko operator that intends to increase or change its number of machines, including the transfer of a machine to a different parlour, must obtain prior written permission from the prefectural public safety commission.
In short, in the current state of the japanese gaming industry, “gambling” that would be operated by a private entity is prohibited, and while the pachinko industry has enjoyed special protection so far from the japanese government by being classified as “gaming” (as opposed to “gambling”), based on past and current practices, if other “gaming” services, such as casinos, tried to operate in japan using a system similar to the three party system, the operators of these services would likely be charged by the police as engaging in illegal “gambling”. Thus, in order to establish and operate casinos in japan, new legislation explicitly legalising casinos is necessary.
So, let's see, what we have: information about the rules on playing slots. Find out how to play slot machines properly to maximize your potential returns. At slot games rules and regulations
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